Bone cancer is caused by a problem with the cells that form bone. More than 2,000 people are diagnosed in the United States each year with a bone tumor. Bone tumors occur most commonly in children and adolescents and much less common in adults older. Involving bone cancer in adults, older adults are most commonly a result of the spread of metastases from other tumors.
There are many types of bone cancer.
Bone tumors that most commonly include osteosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, fibrosarcoma, and chordoma.
Osteosarcoma is the primary malignant bone cancer the most common. It is most commonly affect men between the ages of 10 and 25 years, but can be more or less commonly affect adults, older adults. He often occur in the bones of the long arms and legs in the areas of rapid growth around the knees and the shoulders (shoulders) of the children. This type of cancer is often very aggressive with the risk of spread to the lungs. Survival figures of five years is approximately 65%.
Ewing’s sarcoma is a bone tumor of the most aggressive and affects people younger aged between 4-15 years. It is more common in men and is very rare in people older than 30 years. He was most common in pertegahan of the long bones of the arms and legs. Number three-year survival is approximately 65%, but this number is much lower when it spread to the lungs or other tissues of the body.
Chondrosarcoma is a bone tumor most commonly the second and responsible in approximately 25% of all bone tumors are malignant. These tumors arise from cells of cartilage (cartilage cells) and can grow with very aggressive or relatively slowly. Unlike many bone tumors other, chondrosarcoma is most common in people aged over 40 years. He is slightly more common in men and can potentially spread to the lungs and lymph nodes nodes. Chondrosracoma most commonly affects the bones of the pelvis and hip-hip. Five-year survival for the aggressive form is approximately 30%, but the survival rate for tumors that grow slowly is 90%.
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) affect the soft tissues including muscles, ligaments, tendons, and fat. It is a soft tissue malignancy most common in later life than adults, usually occurs in people aged 50-60 years. He is most commonly affect the limbs (legs and hands) and is approximately two times more common in men than women. MFH also has a broad restriction of severity. Overall survival figures were approximately 35% -60%.
Fibrosarcoma is far more frequently than tumors other bones. It is the most common in people aged 35-55 years. He most commonly affects the soft tissues of the leg behind the knee. He is slightly more common in men than women.
Chordoma is an extremely rare tumor with a survival average of about six years after diagnosis. It happened to adult-aged adults over 30 years and approximately two times more common in men than women. He most commonly affects the spinal column (spinal column) the bottom or the top.
In addition to bone cancer, there are various types of bone tumors are benign. This includes osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, osteochondroma, enchondroma, chondromyxoid fibroma, and giant cell tumors (which have the potential to become malignant). As with other types of benign tumors, are not cancerous.
There are two other types of relatively common cancer that develops in the bones: lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Lymphoma, a cancer that arises from cells of the immune system, usually starting at the nodes lymph nodes but can start in the bone. Multiple myeloma began in the bones, but he is usually not considered as a bone tumor because it is a tumor of cells of bone marrow and not from bone cells.
Caring for Bone Cancer
There are many different methods are available for your doctor to treat bone cancer. The best treatment is based on the type of bone cancer, the location of the cancer, how aggressive the cancer, and whether or not the cancer was attacking the tissues surrounding or distant (metastasized). There are three main types of treatment for bone cancer: surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. This can be used individually or combined with others.
The operation is often used to treat bone cancer. The goal of surgery is usually to remove the entire tumor and a surrounding area of normal bone. After the tumor removed, a pathologist (pathologist) test to determine whether there is a completely normal bone surrounding the tumor. If a portion of the cancer left behind, he can continue to grow and spread, requires further treatment. Historically, amputation, amputation is often used to remove bone cancer. Techniques have newer reducing the need for amputation. In many cases, the tumor can be removed with a ring (rim) of the normal bone without the need for an amputation. Depending on the amount of bone removed, the surgeon will replace something on their location. For area-smaller AEA, this is probably the bone cement (bone cement) or a transplant of bone (bone graft) from somewhere else your body or from the bone bank. For areas larger, the surgeon may place the graft-graft is greater than the bank bone or metal implants. Some of these metal implants have the ability to stretching when used in children who are growing on the location
You may be referred to a medical cancer specialist (oncologist) to chemotherapy. This is the use of various drugs used to try to stop the growth of cancer cells. Chemotherapy can be used before surgery to try to shrink the tumor bone to make the operation easier. He can also be used after surgery to try to kill the cancer cells are left remaining after operation.
You may also be referred to a specialist cancer radiation to radiation therapy. Radiation therapy uses x-ray high-power directed to the place from cancer to try to kill cancer cells. This treatment is given in small doses every day over a period of time from days to months.
Securities-Cancer Treatment Side Effects Bone
Unfortunately, there are risks and side effects with each treatment for bone cancer. The main risks associated with surgery include infection, recurrence of cancer, and injuries to tissues surrounding it. In order to raise the cancer and reduce the risk of recurrence, some surrounding normal tissue should also be appointed. Depending on the location of the cancer, this may require removal of portions of the bones, muscles, nerves, or blood vessels. This can cause weakness, loss of sensation, and the risk of fractures or broken bones from the remaining bone. You may be referred to a specialist rehabilitation for physical therapy and work after surgery to try to improve your strength and function.
Chemotherapy uses drugs that are strong to try to kill cancer cells. Unfortunately, some normal cells are also killed in the process. Drugs designed to kill cells that divide or grow rapidly. Normal cells are affected often include hair-forming cells of blood, and cells lining the digestive system. Side effects include nausea and vomiting, hair loss, infections, and fatigue. Fortunately, side effects usually disappear after the chemotherapy is complete. Good nutrition is important for your body to fight cancer. You may be referred to a nutritionist to help with this, especially if you experience nausea and loss of appetite.
Side effects from radiation therapy major, including fatigue, loss of appetite, and damage to the skin and soft tissues around it. Previous radiation therapy may also increase the risk of injury problems from the surgery on the same area.
Future-Patients For Patients With Bone Cancer
There has been much recent progress in the understanding and treatment of bone cancer. This has led to the radiation therapy more targeted to reduce the risks to the surrounding tissues, which combinations are better than chemotherapy with risks and side effects are less, and treatment options that have been repaired, including the rescue operation members of the body, which reduces the need for amputation.
Right now a lot of work being done at each these areas and so also investigations on the causes of cancer. It is expected that a better understanding of the specific causes of cancer will lead to techniques of gene therapy to target cancer cells specifically with a limited risk in normal cells other.
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