Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that grows in the breast tissue. Cancer can begin to grow in the milk glands, milk ducts, fatty tissue and connective tissue in the breast.
There are several types of breast cancer:
1. Carcinoma in situ
Carcinoma in situ means cancer that is still in place, an early cancer that has not spread or slip out of the place of origin.
2. Ductal carcinoma
Ductal carcinoma derived from cells that line the channel leading to the nipple. Approximately 90% of breast cancer is ductal carcinoma. This cancer can occur before or after the menopause. Sometimes this cancer can be palpated and the screening mammogram, this cancer appears as small spots of calcium deposits (mikrokalsifikasi). This cancer is usually limited to certain areas in the breast and can be removed surgically overall. Approximately 25-35% of patients will suffer from ductal carcinoma invasive cancer (usually in the same breast).
3. Carcinoma lobuler
Carcinoma lobuler began to grow in the mammary glands, usually occurs after menopause. This cancer is not palpable and not visible on mammogram, but it is usually discovered by accident in mammography is performed for other purposes. Approximately 25-30% sufferer lobuler carcinoma will eventually invasive cancer (in the same breast or other breast or in both breasts).
4. Invasive cancer
Invasive cancer is cancer that has spread and damage other tissues, can localized (confined to the breast) or metastatic (spread to other body parts). Approximately 80% of invasive breast cancer is ductal cancer and 10% are lobuler cancer.
5. Medullary carcinoma
Cancer is derived from the mammary gland.
6. Carcinoma tubuler
Cancer is derived from the mammary gland.
CAUSE
The cause is unknown, but there are certain risk factors that cause a woman to be more likely to have breast cancer.
Some of these risk factors are:
1. Age.
Approximately 60% of breast cancer occurs in over 60 years of age. Greatest risk found in women aged over 75 years.
2. Never had breast cancer.
Women who had had cancer in situ or invasive cancer have the highest risk for breast cancer. After the affected breast removed, then the risk of breast cancer in healthy increased by 0,5-1% / year.
3. Family history of breast cancer.
Women are mothers, sisters or children suffering from cancer, a risk 3 times more likely to have breast cancer.
4. Genetic and hormonal factors.
2 has been found gene variants that seem to play a role in the occurrence of breast cancer, namely BRCA1 and BRCA2. If a mwanita have one of these genes, the possibility of breast cancer is very large. Other genes are also thought to play a role in the occurrence of breast cancer is p53, BARD1, BRCA3 and Noey2. This fact led to the notion that breast cancer is caused by the growth of cells that are genetically damaged. Hormonal factors are also important because the hormones trigger the growth of cells. High hormone levels during the reproductive female, especially if it is not interrupted by the hormonal changes due to pregnancy, appear to increase the chances of growth of cells that are genetically have been damaged and cause cancer.
5. Disease had non-cancerous breast.
Breast cancer risk is somewhat higher in women who had suffered breast disease of non-cancer causing saluarn growing number of breast milk and breast tissue structural abnormalities (atypical hyperplasia).
6. Menarche (first menstruation) before age 12 years, menopause after age 55 years, first pregnancy after age 30 years or had never been pregnant. The earlier menarche, the greater the risk of breast cancer. Risk of breast cancer is 2-4 times greater in women who experience menarche before the age of 12 years. Similarly, the first pregnancy or menopause. The slower the menopause and first pregnancy, the greater the risk of breast cancer
7. Use of birth control pills or estrogen replacement therapy.
Birth control pills may slightly increase the risk of breast cancer, which depends on the age, duration of usage and other factors. Not yet known how long the effects of the pill will remain there after pill use is stopped. Estrogen replacement therapy lived for more than 5 years seems a little increased risk of breast cancer and the risk increased if a longer usage.
8. Obesity after menopause.
Obesity as a risk factor for breast cancer is still debated. Some studies mentioned obesity as a risk factor for breast cancer, possibly because of the high levels of estrogen in obese women.
9. Use of alcohol.
Alkoloh consumption of more than 1-2 cups / day can increase the risk of breast cancer.
10. Chemicals.
Several studies have mentioned the chemical exposure that resemble estrogen (contained in pesticides and other industrial products) may increase the risk of breast cancer.
11. DES (diethylstilbestrol).
Women who take DES to prevent miscarriage have a higher risk of breast cancer.
12. Radiation.
Exposure to radiation (especially shines on the chest), in childhood may increase the risk of breast cancer.
13. Other risk factors.
Several studies have shown that cervical cancer, ovarian and colon cancer and a history of cancer in the family can increase the risk of breast cancer.
Popular Search:
BEWARE OF CANCER | lobuler breast cancer |
