Irritation of the stomach lining and usually keep resistant to strong acids. But the stomach lining may become irritated and inflamed due to several causes:
1. Bacterial gastritis is usually the result of infection by Helicobacter pylori (bacteria that grow in the mucus-producing cells in the lining of the stomach). No other bacteria that normally grow in the acidic stomach, but if the stomach does not produce acid, the bacteria can grow in the stomach. These bacteria can cause gastritis or gastritis temporary stay.
2. Gastritis due to acute stress, a type of the most severe gastritis, caused by severe illness or trauma (injury) that occurred unexpectedly. The injury itself may not be on the stomach, as happens in large burns or injuries that cause bleeding ulcer.
3. Erosif chronic gastritis may be a result of:
- Irritant substances such as drugs, especially aspirin and anti-inflammatory drugs other non-steroidal
- Crohn’s disease
- Viral and bacterial infections.
Gastritis occurs slowly at the people healthy, may be accompanied by bleeding or the formation of stomach ulcers (ulcers, open wounds). Most often occurs in alcoholics.
4. Gastritis due to a virus or fungus can occur in people with chronic illnesses or people with impaired immune systems.
5. Eosinophilic gastritis can occur as a result of an allergic reaction to infestation roundworms.
Eosinophils (white blood cells) accumulate in the stomach wall.
6. Atrophic gastritis occurs when antibodies attack the stomach lining, so the stomach lining becomes very thin and lose some or all of the cells that produce acid and enzymes. This situation usually occurs in old age.
Gastritis is also likely to occur in people who have been part of his stomach removed (partial gastrectomy surgery). Atrophic gastritis can lead to pernicious anemia because it affects the absorption of vitamin B12 from food.
7. Disease F? Niere is a cause of gastritis is not known. The stomach wall becomes thick, broad folds, enlarged gland and a fluid-filled cysts. Approximately 10% of these patients suffered from stomach cancer.
8. Plasma cell gastritis is a cause of gastritis is not known. Plasma cells (a type of white blood cells) accumulated in the wall of the stomach and other organs.
Gastritis can also happen if someone swallowed a corrosive substance or receive high levels of radiation therapy.
SYMPTOMS
Symptoms vary, depending on the type of gastritisnya. Usually people experience indigestion gastritis (indigesti) and discomfort in the upper abdomen. In acute gastritis due to stress, the causes (eg severe illness, burns or injury) are usually covered gastric symptoms, but the upper stomach feels uncomfortable.
Immediately after injury, there was a small bruise on the stomach lining. Within a few hours, these bruises can turn into an ulcer. Ulcers and gastritis can disappear when patients recover quickly from injury. If the patient remains pain, ulcers can be enlarged and started bleeding, usually within 2-5 days after the injury.
Bleeding ulcer caused blackish stools like asphalt, gastric fluids become reddish and if very severe, blood pressure may fall. Bleeding can be extensive and fatal. Symptoms of chronic gastritis erosif of mild nausea and abdominal pain on the top. But many people (such as long-term aspirin users) do not feel pain. Other patients feel the ulcer-like symptoms, ie pain when the stomach is empty.
If the gastritis causes bleeding from stomach ulcers, symptoms can include:
- Blackish stools like asphalt (melena)
- Vomiting blood (haematemesis) or foods that are partially digested, which resembles coffee grounds.
In eosinophilic gastritis, abdominal pain and vomiting can be caused by a narrowing or blockage of the end of the channel leading to the stomach to the intestines twelve fingers. In disease M? Ni? Re, the most common symptom is pain in stomach. Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and weight loss, more rare. Never stomach bleeding ulcer.
Fluid retention and tissue swelling (edema) can be caused by the loss of protein from the inflamed stomach lining. The missing protein is mixed with stomach contents and disposed of the body.
In the plasma cell gastritis, abdominal pain and vomiting may occur simultaneously with the skin rash and diarrhea. Gastritis due to radiation therapy causes pain, nausea and heartburn (feeling of warmth or burning sensation behind the breastbone), which occurs because of inflammation and sometimes because of ulcers in the stomach. Ulcer may penetrate the wall of the stomach, so stomach contents spill into the abdominal cavity, causing peritonitis (inflammation of the stomach lining) and the extraordinary ulcer pain. Abdomen was rigid and this situation requires emergency surgery.
Sometimes after radiation therapy, form scar tissue that causes narrowing of the stomach channel leading to the intestine of twelve fingers, resulting in abdominal ulcer pain and vomiting. Radiation can damage the protective layer of the stomach, so that bacteria can enter the stomach wall and causes severe pain that appears suddenly.
Diagnosis
If someone feels upper abdominal pain accompanied by nausea or heartburn, the doctor will be coming as gastritis. If symptoms persist, rarely needed examination and treatment started based on probable cause. If the diagnosis is not conclusive, may be necessary examination of the stomach by endoscopy and biopsy (sampling of the stomach lining for examination under a microscope).
If gastritis continues or recurs again, then find the cause, such as infections, food, medicines or the patient drinking habits. Gastritis because bacteria could be known from the results of the biopsy examination. Patients with gastritis because many bacteria that form antibodies against the bacteria causes, which can be found in blood tests.
Ulcer Treatment
If the cause is infection by Helicobacter pylori, is given bismuth, antibiotics (eg xamoxicillin and claritromycindan anti-ulcer drug (omeprazole).
Patients with acute stress gastritis because many are experiencing healing after the cause (serious illness, injury or bleeding) successfully overcome. But about 2% of those with acute stress gastritis due to bleeding which often fatal. Because prevention is done by giving an antacid (to neutralize stomach acid) and anti-ulcer drugs are strong (to reduce or stop the formation of stomach acid).
Heavy bleeding due to acute gastritis caused by stress can be overcome by closing the source of bleeding on endoscopy action. If bleeding continues, perhaps the entire stomach must be removed. Erosif chronic gastritis can be treated with antacids. Patients should avoid certain medications (such as aspirin or anti-inflammatory drugs other non-steroidal) and foods that cause stomach irritation. Misoprostol may reduce the risk of ulcer formation due to anti-inflammatory drugs non-steroidal.
To relieve the blockage in the outlet of the stomach in eosinophilic gastritis, can be given corticosteroids or surgery. Atrophic gastritis can not be cured. Most people should get additional injections of vitamin B12. Disease F? Niere be cured by lifting some or all of the stomach. Plasma cell gastritis can be treated with anti-ulcer drugs that block the release of stomach acid.?
